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From SARS to MERS: evidence and speculation
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《医学前沿(英文)》 2016年 第10卷 第4期 页码 377-382 doi: 10.1007/s11684-016-0466-7
The Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is a novel zoonotic pathogen. In 2012, the infectious outbreak caused by MERS-CoV in Saudi Arabia has spread to more than 1600 patients in 26 countries, resulting in over 600 deaths. Without a travel history, few clinical and radiological features can reliably differentiate MERS from SARS. But in real world, comparing with SARS, MERS presents more vaguely defined epidemiology, more severe symptoms, and higher case fatality rate. In this review, we summarize the recent findings in the field of MERS-CoV, especially its molecular virology, interspecies mechanisms, clinical features, antiviral therapies, and the further investigation into this disease. As a newly emerging virus, many questions are not fully answered, including the exact mode of transmission chain, geographical distribution, and animal origins. Furthermore, a new protocol needs to be launched to rapidly evaluate the effects of unproven antiviral drugs and vaccine to fasten the clinical application of new drugs.
关键词: middle east respiratory syndrome animal origin cross-species transmission monoclonal antibody
全尺寸交流500 kV输电杆塔复合横担的雷电闪络特性 Article
王乾, 梁曦东, 沈余峰, 刘书明, 左周, 高岩峰
《工程(英文)》 2023年 第23卷 第4期 页码 130-137 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2021.09.021
架空输电线路(OTL)一直以来都是电力传输的主要方式。随着输电电压和输电容量的迅速提高,输电杆塔的尺寸也随之增加,造成土地资源的大量占用。考虑到线路复合绝缘子的优异性能,复合横担有望成为这一问题的解决方案。在本文中,作者制备了一个安装有复合横担的全尺寸交流(AC)500 kV输电杆塔,并施加了不同极性的雷电过电压。借助高速相机记录了流注-先导放电的过程,确认了闪络的主要路径。通过测量闪络电压并根据空气密度和湿度对结果进行修正,证实了放电的极性效应。继而,根据杆塔结构和闪络特性计算了杆塔的耐雷水平。基于全尺寸试验的结果与分析,确认了复合横担的可行性,并提出了结构优化方案。
《医学前沿(英文)》 2022年 第16卷 第6期 页码 969-974 doi: 10.1007/s11684-021-0912-z
关键词: severe malaria nigeria malaria mortality PfPR2-10 intermediate malaria transmission
THE 4C APPROACH AS A WAY TO UNDERSTAND SPECIES INTERACTIONS DETERMINING INTERCROPPING PRODUCTIVITY
《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2021年 第8卷 第3期 页码 387-399 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2021414
Modern agriculture needs to develop transition pathways toward agroecological, resilient and sustainable farming systems. One key pathway for such agroecological intensification is the diversification of cropping systems using intercropping and notably cereal-grain legume mixtures. Such mixtures or intercrops have the potential to increase and stabilize yields and improve cereal grain protein concentration in comparison to sole crops. Species mixtures are complex and the 4C approach is both a pedagogical and scientific way to represent the combination of four joint effects of Competition, Complementarity, Cooperation, and Compensation as processes or effects occurring simultaneously and dynamically between species over the whole cropping cycle. Competition is when plants have fairly similar requirements for abiotic resources in space and time, the result of all processes that occur when one species has a greater ability to use limiting resources (e.g., nutrients, water, space, light) than others. Complementarity is when plants grown together have different requirements for abiotic resources in space, time or form. Cooperation is when the modification of the environment by one species is beneficial to the other(s). Compensation is when the failure of one species is compensated by the other(s) because they differ in their sensitivity to abiotic stress. The 4C approach allows to assess the performance of arable intercropping versus classical sole cropping through understanding the use of abiotic resources.
关键词: compensation competition complementarity cooperation interspecific interactions land equivalent ratio light nutrients species mixtures water
COMPARING PERFORMANCE OF CROP SPECIES MIXTURES AND PURE STANDS
《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2021年 第8卷 第3期 页码 481-489 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2021413
Intercropping is the planned cultivation of species mixtures on agricultural land. Intercropping has many attributes that make it attractive for developing a more sustainable agriculture, such as high yield, high resource use efficiency, lower input requirements, natural suppression of pests, pathogens and weeds, and building a soil with more organic carbon and nitrogen. Information is needed which species combinations perform best under different circumstances and which management is suitable to bring out the best from intercropping in a given production situation. The literature is replete with case studies on intercropping from across the globe, but evidence synthesis is needed to make this information accessible. Meta-analysis requires a careful choice of metric that is appropriate for answering the question at hand, and which lends itself for a robust meta-analysis. This paper reviews some metrics that may be used in the quantitative synthesis of literature data on intercropping.
关键词: intercropping species mixtures meta-analysis metrics indicators
Tracking in urban wastewater treatment plants in a cold region: Occurrence, species and infectivity
《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2022年 第16卷 第9期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-022-1533-8
• Cryptosporidium in WWTPs in a cold region was investigated in different seasons.
关键词: WWTPs Cryptosporidium Occurrence Species Infectivity Low temperature
Choosing configurations of transmission line tower grounding by back flashover probability value
Dmitry KUKLIN
《能源前沿(英文)》 2016年 第10卷 第2期 页码 213-226 doi: 10.1007/s11708-016-0398-6
关键词: grounding transmission line tower back flashover probability FDTD method
IN VITRO ACTIVITY OF EXTRACTS OF FIVE MEDICINAL PLANT SPECIES ON PLANT PATHOGENIC FUNGI
《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2021年 第8卷 第4期 页码 635-644 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE -2020343
The antifungal effectiveness of extracts of five medicinal plant species was determined. The inhibitory activity of extracts of Eucalyptus tereticornis, Xanthium sibiricum, Artemisia argyi, Tupistra chinensis and Pyrola calliantha were evaluated against the mycelial growth of the plant pathogenic fungi Aspergillus niger, Botrytis cinerea, Penicillium digitatum, P. expansum, P. italicumand Rhizopus stolonifer. All plant extracts were prepared at 60°C using solvents (either water, 50% ethanol (v/v), 95% ethanol (v/v), ethyl acetate or petroleum ether). Fungicidal effects of all plants tested were confirmed. Different extracts from the same plant species gave different degrees of inhibition. All aqueous extracts had weak or no activity on all fungi tested. Ethyl acetate and 95% ethanol extracts from T. chinensis rhizomes gave greater inhibition and a broader spectrum inhibition than the other extracts. T. chinensis may have potential as a new natural fungicide and may be used for the preservation of agricultural and forestry products such as fruits and vegetables.
关键词: Botrytis cinerea / food preservation / plant diseases / plant pathogenic fungi / Tupistra chinensis
Roles of various Ni species on TiO
Xiaoping CHEN, Jihai XIONG, Jinming SHI, Song XIA, Shuanglin GUI, Wenfeng SHANGGUAN
《能源前沿(英文)》 2019年 第13卷 第4期 页码 684-690 doi: 10.1007/s11708-018-0585-8
《化学科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2021年 第15卷 第6期 页码 1524-1536 doi: 10.1007/s11705-021-2106-2
关键词: Ce–Zr–Cu–O CO oxidation reducible copper species oxygen vacancy cooperative effect
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《医学前沿(英文)》 2018年 第12卷 第1期 页码 76-83 doi: 10.1007/s11684-017-0609-5
Tuberculosis (TB) has remained an ongoing concern in China. The national scale-up of the Directly Observed Treatment, Short Course (DOTS) program has accelerated the fight against TB in China. Nevertheless, many challenges still remain, including the spread of drug-resistant strains, high disease burden in rural areas, and enormous rural-to-urban migrations. Whether incident active TB represents recent transmission or endogenous reactivation has helped to prioritize the strategies for TB control. Evidence from molecular epidemiology studies has delineated the recent transmission of ( ) strains in many settings. However, the transmission patterns of TB in most areas of China are still not clear. Studies carried out to date could not capture the real burden of recent transmission of the disease in China because of the retrospective study design, incomplete sampling, and use of low-resolution genotyping methods. We reviewed the implementations of molecular epidemiology of TB in China, the estimated disease burden due to recent transmission of strains, the primary transmission of drug-resistant TB, and the evaluation of a feasible genotyping method of strains in circulation.
关键词: tuberculosis recent transmission molecular epidemiology China
RESEARCH PROGRESS ON THE IMPACT OF NITROGEN DEPOSITION ON GLOBAL GRASSLANDS
《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2022年 第9卷 第3期 页码 425-444 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2022457
● Grasslands in many regions of the world have been impacted by atmospheric nitrogen deposition.
关键词: Acidification biomass production critical load eutrophication species composition species richness
Antibiotic resistome mostly relates to bacterial taxonomy along a suburban transmission chain
《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2022年 第16卷 第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1466-7
• The α-diversities of resistome were lower in manure and compost than in soils.
关键词: Antibiotic resistance genes Resistome Bacterial taxonomy Transmission chain
《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2022年 第16卷 第5期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1489-0
• UV/VUV/I– induces substantial H2O2 and IO3– formation, but UV/I– does not.
关键词: Vacuum ultraviolet Hydrogen peroxide Iodate Hydroxyl radical Redox transition
NADPH oxidase and reactive oxygen species as signaling molecules in carcinogenesis
Gang WANG
《医学前沿(英文)》 2009年 第3卷 第1期 页码 1-7 doi: 10.1007/s11684-009-0018-5
关键词: free radicals tumor phox cell proliferation cancer therapy
标题 作者 时间 类型 操作
Cross-sectional prevalence and pattern of non-anaemia severe malaria among 2–10 year olds in Sokoto in
期刊论文
THE 4C APPROACH AS A WAY TO UNDERSTAND SPECIES INTERACTIONS DETERMINING INTERCROPPING PRODUCTIVITY
期刊论文
Tracking in urban wastewater treatment plants in a cold region: Occurrence, species and infectivity
期刊论文
Choosing configurations of transmission line tower grounding by back flashover probability value
Dmitry KUKLIN
期刊论文
Roles of various Ni species on TiO
Xiaoping CHEN, Jihai XIONG, Jinming SHI, Song XIA, Shuanglin GUI, Wenfeng SHANGGUAN
期刊论文
Cooperative effect between copper species and oxygen vacancy in CeZrCuO catalysts for carbon monoxide
期刊论文
Recent transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in China: the implication of molecular epidemiology
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期刊论文
understanding vacuum ultraviolet–iodide induced photolysis via hydrogen peroxide formation, iodine species
期刊论文